Leadership Styles and Theories - 2373 Words

Abstract Leadership styles and theories are essential to an organization’s structure, culture, and development. Understanding leadership style can help a company build a foundation that can lead to improved productivity, employee retention, and improved employee relations. This paper will show the leadership style of my former manager and how his leadership influenced job performance, organizational commitment, trust, and decision-making. The goal is to better understand how his transformational leadership style helped improve my leadership and build on the policies and procedures within the organization. In addition, I will include information pertaining to my own leadership assessment as it pertains to do you have what it takes to be†¦show more content†¦Because of the issues the store was experiencing, and staff not properly stocking the store shelves, the CEO informed the store the staff would be either relocated or terminated. Upon receiving word from the CEO, Kurt reques ted a meeting even though he would not be replace, relocated, or fired. In the meeting Kurt asked that the current staff remain in place for 90 days, and if no progress or change occurred after that time he would resign as Store Team Lead. Once the meeting with the CEO finished Kurt called a meeting of all store Executive Team Leads and level III supervisors. In the meeting he told everyone about his conversation with the CEO. He wanted everyone to know his or her jobs were safe. He added, â€Å"The reason I did this is because I believe in all of you. All of you have been working hard to make this store perfect. Unfortunately we have run into a little bad luck. As a team we have developed a plan to address our issues.† He ended the meeting by saying, â€Å"I believe and trust in you, and I hope you believe and trust in me. We can do this, we will succeed.† Organizational Power Leaders can make a difference in an organization, depending on the situation or circumstances. Some leaders possess the â€Å"ability to influence the behavior of others and resist unwanted influence and return† (Colquitt, Lepine, amp; Wesson, 2011, p. 451). Leaders possess a certain type of power, and depending on which power they possess, helps direct theirShow MoreRelatedLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership857 Words   |  4 Pagesproject shows that leadership is defined in many ways. Characteristics of a good leader are questionable. Leadership styles and theories, such as servant leadership, collective leadership, and dictatorship vastly differ but still share similar attributes. While servant leadership and collective leadership theories similarly encompass specific attributes, the collective leadership theory still lacks vision and empowerment. Inversely, at the other extreme of leadership theories is dictatorship. UnlikeRead MoreLeadership Theories And Leader ship Styles1512 Words   |  7 Pagesprovide examples surrounding various leadership theories and leadership styles that sustain the definition of a public leader. First, this paper will provide a definition of a public leader. Next, it determine two leadership theories and two leadership styles that support the definition of a public leader. Also, this paper will assess the effectiveness of the two leadership theories. Subsequently, it will assess the effectiveness of the two leadership styles. Further, this paper will utilize properRead MoreLeadership Style And Leadership Theory807 Words   |  4 Pagesresearch conducted on traits, skills, and characters relationships to leadership and followers. The paper discusses the common themes and conclusions addressed in all studies. The articles penned with the intention of examining the impact leadership style and leadership theory in areas such as individual identity, culture, and worldview. Mahdi, Mohd, and Almsafir (2014) argue there is a significantly strong relationship between the leadership behavior and organizational commitment. Also, the paper synthesizesRead MoreThe Theory Of Leadership Styles903 Words   |  4 Pagesphenomenon of leadership is based upon directing, influencing as well as motivating individuals for the purpose of implementing plans as well as running an organization. Leadership styles vary from person to person and is dependent upon the situations that the leader might be faced with (George, Sims, P. Sims, D., 2007). Basically, the leadership styles have been categorized into six types (i.e. commanding, visionary, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting and coaching leadership styles). All theseRead MoreThe Theories Of Leadership Styles1445 Words   |  6 PagesWhen developing a template to assess which leadership styles are best suited to mitigate the effects of a decline in financial compensation, it is imperative to understand leadership theory. One of the first pioneers in lea dership theory was Kurt Lewin. Kurt Lewin (1890–1947), was a prominent figure in psychology in his generation. He provided a solid foundation to the teachings of organizational development. In many circles he was known as the father of organizational development. He was best knownRead MoreThe Theory Of Leadership Styles1649 Words   |  7 Pageshad compassion and a vision for their work and employees. On that note, there are three classical theories of leadership that have developed with the changing time: trait theories, behavioral theories, and contingency theories. In this analysis, I will be describing the theories, as well as the advantages and disadvantages to each. It is also important to question how the post-bureaucratic leadership strategies have changed since the initial bureaucratic era. I have used work by Colbert, Judge, ChoiRead MoreLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership Essay873 Words   |  4 PagesGenerally, leadership is the art or process of influe ncing followers and subordinates to achieve the organizational goals. It helps an individuals or a group to identify its goals and assists in achieving the stated goals. Because of importance of leadership all kinds of group action, there are considerable number of researches and theories on leadership and many kinds of leadership styles like Greatman theory, power influence, Trait approach, Behavioral, Situational or Contingency approaches;Read MoreLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership876 Words   |  4 Pagesbstract This paper is to define the definition of leadership, and how its breakdown of various leadership styles and theories. I will also focus on more than one leadership style on what is to believe the best aligns thoughts of what leadership should mean. The leadership style is a mixed character of leadership that combines the transformational and servant leadership theories in to Healthcare. An evaluation is made of the learner’s leadership characteristics and how they would enable the learnerRead MoreLeadership Styles And Leadership Theories993 Words   |  4 Pagesto the other two leadership styles, I scored next highest in the delegate category and the least amount in the authoritative category. In this paper I will give a comprehensive overview of leadership styles and leadership management theories and how they relate to my style. Lastly, I will discuss my type of work environment, and three key actions or behaviors that I must demonstrate to be a successful leader. Alignment with management and leadership theories Leadership theories include trait, attitudinalRead MoreLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership1386 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is known as the process of guiding groups, individuals and an organization in the establishment of goals as well as sustaining those goals. The concept of leadership incorporates a diversity of clarifications, leadership styles and theories. While looking at the leaders around us no matter if it’s our president or place of employment, we often find ourselves questioning exactly why these individuals shine in these positions. This essay will detail my leadership in relations of the transformational

Coping with Death Free Essays

Existentialists and intellectuals relatively have similar views about certain things. Existentialists are intellectuals while some intellectuals can be existentialists. However, there are instances when their philosophies can reveal differences which make them stand out and identify themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Coping with Death or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper aims to discuss how one is likely to cope with the issue of death in an existential and intellectual point of view. Coping with Death Death has been the most absolute event that is bound to happen to human beings even before they were born. It is one constant thing that will be waiting at the end no matter how well or bad we live our lives. Throughout life, there are inevitable instances when we are forced to cope with the death of someone, whether a stranger’s, relative’s, or plainly, the thought of ours. Since existential views root from the idea of existentialism and intellectual views from intellectualism, let us first identify the distinction between these two philosophies. One of the most famous existentialists in history is the French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre. He defined existentialism as a philosophy which focuses on the existence of man alone and not on his essence or for any other purpose. He argued that man exists without meaning or definition. However, he stated that essence and meaning only manifest later in our lives. It is through our decisions that we come to begin the definition of our existence (Earnshaw, 2006, p. 74). Clearly, it is evident in his argument that religion is out of the picture. In the book Existentialism, Steven Earnshaw quoted Sartre’s (2006) claim: If man as the existentialist sees him is not definable, it is because to begin with he is nothing. He will not be anything until later, and then he will be what he makes of himself (p. 74). Based on the definition by Sartre, it is now reasonable to say that existentialists view death as something that just happens without any meaning at all. If we are to cope with it existentially, it can be claimed that death is a fearful event because it does not provide a sensible reason. It does not label our meaning; rather, death ends it. On the other hand, there are also existential arguments with regard to death which claims that death is necessary to remind us of â€Å"possibilities. † Without death, one would not be obliged to be cautious in his/her decisions because that individual has all the time in the world to do them in â€Å"trial and error. † Now, we move on to intellectualism. This philosophy is actually quite self-explanatory in nature. An intellectual acts in accordance to reason. Similar to existentialism, intellectualism also disregards the involvement of religion, for religion is based on faith which is unfounded with solid evidences. Nonetheless, intellectuals can have different ways of coping with death. Since reason is more complex than the idea of â€Å"existence comes first† by Sartre, intellectuals can vary in their opinion of death. As for me, if I am to cope with death intellectually, I can start off by going back to the theory of evolution. As rational and mortal animals, we are capable of deteriorating because of several conditions such as diseases, old age, natural disaster, etc. Hence, death is a cycle which is scientifically normal and inevitable. Most likely, if one is to view the concept of death either existentially or intellectually, he or she is still subject to fear its arrival. However, there is a loophole in both of the arguments because the root of our existence is still questionable. They can bring up the Big Bang or the Theory of Evolution, but as far as I am concerned, there is no solid evidence of the first inhabitants on earth. As long as theories have not been proved with concrete evidence, there is no way that we can reach the answers about life and death. In any case, existentialism and intellectualism do not provide the perfect way to cope with issues like death. What they can only provide is the flailing argument that we are considered materials which have the capability to break down and crash at any point in time. Would it not be better to accept death knowing that something unimaginable is waiting for us? How to cite Coping with Death, Papers

A Summary Of Romeo And Juliet Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper The narrative is, of class, about a brace of star-crossed lovers. Two adolescents pursue their love for each other despite the fact that their households have been at odds with each other for decennaries. The narrative combines swordfighting, camouflage, misinterpretation, calamity, wit, and some of the most romantic linguistic communication found in literature all in the name of true love. In Verona, Italy in the late 1500 # 8217 ; s, two powerful households the Montagues and the Capulets have been feuding with each other for old ages. Old Capulet, Juliet # 8217 ; s male parent, throws a party to which he invites all his friends. The Montagues are non invited of class, but Romeo devises a program to acquire a expression at Rosaline ; a immature miss he has been pursing. He disguises himself and steal into the party. Once indoors, his attending is stolen ; non by Rosaline, but by Juliet. Romeo falls immediately in love, but is defeated when he finds out that Juliet is a Capulet. We will write a custom essay sample on A Summary Of Romeo And Juliet Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Juliet notices Romeo excessively, but she is incognizant that he is a member of the despised Montagues. Not able to believe that the 1 who caught her oculus is a member of the enemy household, Juliet goes out onto her balcony to state the stars about her strong but out love. At the same clip, Romeo is skulking in the shrubs below. He overhears Juliet confess her love for him to the celestial spheres. No longer able to command his powerful feelings, Romeo reveals himself to her and admits that he feels the same. The really following twenty-four hours, with the aid of Romeo # 8217 ; s friend Friar Lawrence, Romeo and Juliet are in secret married. On the twenty-four hours of the nuptials, two of Romeo # 8217 ; s friends, Benvolio and Mercutio, are walking through the streets of Verona when they are confronted by Juliet # 8217 ; s cousin, Tybalt. Tybalt is out to acquire Romeo for crashing the Capulet # 8217 ; s party so he starts a battle with his friends. Romeo shows up, but does no T want to contend Tybalt because he no longer holds a score against Juliet’s household. Romeo’s friends can’t understand why he won’t stand up for himself so Mercutio stairss in to make it for him. A swordfight with Tybalt follows. Mercutio is killed. To revenge the decease of his friend, Romeo kills Tybalt, an act that will present him even more hatred from the Capulet household. The Prince of Verona banishes Romeo and he is forced to go forth Juliet, who is devastated by the loss of her love. Juliet’s male parent, non cognizing of his daughter’s matrimony, decides to get married her to another immature adult male named Paris. In desperation, Juliet consults with Friar Laurence. He advises her to hold to the matrimony, but on the forenoon of the nuptials, she will imbibe a potion that he prepares for her. The potion will do it look like Juliet is dead and she will be put into the Capulet burial vault. Then, the Friar will direct Romeo to deliver her. She does as the Friar says and is put into the vault by her brokenhearted parents. Bad intelligence travels fast. Before the Friar can state Romeo of the fraud, Romeo hears from person else that his darling Juliet is dead. Overcome with heartache, Romeo buys a toxicant and goes to Juliet # 8217 ; s grave to decease beside his married woman. At the door of the grave, Romeo is forced to contend Paris, whom he fleetly kills. Nothing will halt him from fall ining his love. Inside the vault, Romeo drinks the toxicant and takes his last breath next to his kiping married woman. Moments subsequently, Juliet awakens to see her hubby # 8217 ; s dead organic structure. She learns what has happened from Friar Laurence who has merely arrived and accessed the scene. With no ground left to populate, Juliet kills herself with Romeo # 8217 ; s sticker. The calamity has a enormous impact on both the Montagues and the Capulets. The households are hurt so much by the decease of their kids that they agree to neer contend once more.

John Hale Vs. John Proctor Essays - Salem Witch Trials, The Crucible

John Hale Vs. John Proctor Rev. John Hale vs. John Proctor The characters of John Hale and John Proctor in ?The Crucible? can be compared and contrasted according to their key traits, goals, and tendencies to change. These characters are probably the two most important characters in the play. They both are strong men mentally and are proud of what they accomplish. Reverend John Hale and John Proctor can be compared and contrasted according to their key traits. Reverend Hale is a man in his late forties. He is intelligent and very proud. He believes that he earned his titled as Reverend, the title was not only given to him. John Proctor is a man in his mid-thirties and like Reverend Hale he is proud of what he does. Proctor is also a man who is physically strong since he is always working on his farm. He is a person who does not like hypocrites or frauds. He is also stubborn and not easily led into things. People respect him and fear him as well. These two characters can also be compared according to their goals. Reverend Hale's goal is to save the citizens of Salem from being condemned to death and of being accused of witchcraft. If someone is accused, Reverend Hale wants to get that person freed and prevent them from an unnecessary death. John Proctor's goal is to first get his wife freed from jail after being accused of witchcraft. He also wants to get Valentin Benitez himself free and wants Hathorne and Danforth to see that there are no witches in Salem and that all the deaths that they have created are unreasonable and irrelevant. They can be further compared and contrasted by their tendencies to change. Reverend Hale usually is a straight faced, stubborn man who stands for what he believes in. At the end of the play he cries as John Proctor is taken off to be hanged before the whole village. John Proctor was also a stubborn man that did not deny what he believed, but at key times in the play he changed what he was saying and fighting for against the court. He first said he did not practice witchcraft and had never seen the Devil, but afterwards he said the opposite. He said that he was an evil person and that he did practice evil acts. In Act Two he also went from saying that he was a good man to finally confessing to being an adulterer and a lecher. The more appealing character was John Proctor because through his stubbornness and inflexibility he was a more interesting character. Proctor was a spontaneous character at times also when he changed his arguments into confessions. Bibliography n/a

Essay on Boyhood by J.M. Coetzee †Literature Essay

Essay on Boyhood by J.M. Coetzee – Literature Essay Free Online Research Papers Essay on ‘Boyhood’ by J.M. Coetzee Literature Essay Title: After studying Boyhood by J.M. Coetzee, would you say that childhood, and especially the end of childhood and the beginning of teenage, is always a happy moment in one’s life ? Every one has to pass this proof in his/her life and it’s a special moment because you ask yourself on things you had never thought before. Your body and your mind are also changing. We can ask ourselves if the end of the childhood is really a happy moment in one’s life and, if it isn’t right, what are the reasons of that ? We’ll use the book ‘Boyhood’ from J.M. COETZEE to analyze and understand that part of life as well as possible. That periode can be difficult because you don’t know where you are going to. You know that you anyway have to live that part of your life but you don’t know how it’ll happen. You also feel different from other people because you start taking care of your appearance and of what the others are thinking of you, your manners, your look, persuaded that everyone is watching and will judge you on the first thing wrong you’ll do. For example, in the beginning of Boyhood p.7, John would like to be beaten only once to become a normal child. He isn’t thankful to his mother for not to give him a ‘normal education’. He feels different from other boys and would just like to look like them. Or p.9 as he doesn’t want to wear shoes to be like the others. Then his feets hurt and he’s expecting some support from his classmates, but he only gets mockeries. So it’s his mother’s mistake, to send him to school with shoes. You also ask questions you never asked before, with answers you often aren’t satisfied, as John asks his mother p.13 about who she does love the most, him or his brother. What she answers:’ I love you both the same.’. That doesn’t make her son happy because he was expecting a precise answer. John himself doesn’t think that childhood is a moment of joy in one’s life. On p. 14 it’s written:’Nothing John experiences leads him to think that childohhd is a time of innocent joy but a time of difficult examinations.’ It also can be a stressful moment as you’re thinking of existantial questions, like: how and where would I be if my parents didn’t get married together but with another person? You realise that people aren’t anymore as nice as before. The examples p. 15 and 19 prove it: john thinks he’ll be given a second opportunity to light a fire and to choose an other religion just to try to be like the others but he isn’t. Nevertheless you can also have fun as John enjoys more and more playing cricket but he feels alone like p.28:’ a spider in a hole, shutting out the world, hiding.’ At the age of john, you start knowing what is realistic in true life and what isn’t, like p. 33 (bottom) as John wants to ‘put aside the fantasy and do realistic things’ like growns-up do. During that periode you are also thinking of the importance of what you’re saying and doing and its consequences, what can make you sad. John is precisely in this situation p. 29 35 and 151 as he learns to be more prudent on what he’s saying not for the others to laugh at you and behave as normal (= like the others do) as possible. Your look becomes important for you (p.44) and you don’t want to keep the same habits that could remain your childhood (p.49: John doesn’t want to call his mother in public as he does at home because to him it isn’t a normal thing and he wants to be normal). Later you think ask yourself what is desire used for. So does John p.56 because he thinks he starts feeling it. You can be easily influenced, what can be dange rous because you’re ready to believe nearly everything what one tells you, like John p.69 when he’s afraid of african boys because of rumours he had been told. You don’t like the same things as if you were a child because your mind is changing. What you liked as you were small seeme you ridiculous now (p.70: John doesn’t like anymore the comics he thinks are for babies, now that he’s becoming a grown-up). Or p.144 as he thinks he has wasted his time riding bicycle and playing with his mecano because they aren’t interessant. It isn’t his activities that have changed but his mind. Now he prefers to spend hours in the bathroom, examining himself in the mirror, not liking what he sees (p.144) or play cricket. During that periode, you may be more easily irritable and think that your parents are old enough to do things they ask you to, and consequently refuses to obey. For example the habits of other people can disguss you, for example as John hates his father’s personal habits (p.43). That can make your parents angry and your relationship with them can become worse during that periode of your life. At the end of this passage of your life, your feelings for the people of the other sex starts growing and you think of the meaning of love. For John, that starts p.95 with his cousin Agnes. Later, p.121, he thinks of the word ‘love’ and its meaning. Because he only knows this feeling by the television and not really, he finds it disgusting. He also hates to be kissed by girls and doesn’t know what to do with his mother’s feelings to him (love, p.122) and thinks his parents don’t have love stories since he was born. And during the pause, they John and his friends are always speaking about sex, and John brings a book about sex to school. Children are often afraid because becoming a grown-up means that your mother won’t protect you anymore and you’ll stay alone against every problem that can occur in one’s life. As a conclusion, we can say that the end of childhood isn’t a part of pleasure and joy in one’s life, principally because too much new things come to you at the same time and you aren’t mature enough to face it. You pass through different states of mind that can make you loose some friends because you don’t know how to react to all of these new things, what to think about this new feeling that is calling ‘love’ and you may often panic, what can make you sad like John. Research Papers on Essay on ‘Boyhood’ by J.M. 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How Principals Can Provide Teacher Support

How Principals Can Provide Teacher Support Having a supportive principal can make all the difference for a teacher. Teachers want to know that their principal has their best interests in mind. One of the main duties of a principal is to provide ongoing, collaborative teacher support. The relationship between a teacher and a principal has to be built on a foundation of trust. This type of relationship takes a lot of time to build. Principals must slowly cultivate these relationships while taking the time to get to know each teachers strength and weaknesses. The worst thing that a new principal can do is to go in and quickly make a lot of changes. This will assuredly turn a group of teachers against a principal quickly. A smart principal will initially make small changes, allow time for teachers to get to know them, and then gradually make larger, more meaningful changes over the course of time. It is important to note that any significant changes should be made only after seeking and considering input from teachers. Here, we examine ten suggestions for earning teacher trust and ultimately providing them with ongoing, collaborative teacher support. Allow Time for Peer Collaboration Teachers should be given time to work together in a collaborative effort. This collaboration will strengthen relationships among your faculty, provide new or struggling teachers with an outlet to gain valuable insight and advice, and allows teachers to share best practices and success stories. The principal becomes the driving force in this collaboration. They are the one who schedules the time to collaborate and sets the agenda for these times. Principals who reject the importance of peer collaboration are selling its value far short. Ask Questions and Seek Their Advice The principal is the primary decision maker in their building. This doesn’t mean that teachers shouldn’t be included in the decision-making process. Although a principal may have the final say, teachers should be given a platform to express their feelings or provide advice for the principal, especially when the issue will directly affect the teachers. A principal should use the resources at hand when making decisions. Teachers have brilliant ideas. By seeking their advice, they may challenge your thinking on an issue may validate that you are on the right track. Neither case is a terrible thing when making any decision. Have Their Back Teachers are people, and all people go through difficult times both personally and professionally at some point in their lives. When a teacher is going through a difficult situation personally (death, divorce, illness, etc.), a principal should give them 100% support at all times. A teacher going through a personal issue will appreciate any support their principal shows during this time. Sometimes this could be as simple as asking them how they are doing and sometimes it may be necessary to give them a few days off. Professionally you want to back a teacher as long as you believe they are effective, ethical, and moral. There are situations where you absolutely cannot support a teacher because the decision they made is ethically or morally wrong. In this case, do not skirt around the issue. Be up front with them and tell them that they messed up, and there is no way you can back them up based on their actions. Be Consistent Teachers hate it when principals are inconsistent especially when dealing with student discipline or parent situations. A principal should always try to be fair and consistent with their decision making. Teachers may not always agree with how you handle situations, but if you establish a pattern of consistency, then they will not complain too much. For example, if a 3rd-grade teacher sends a student to the office for being disrespectful in class, check your student discipline records to see how you have handled similar issues in the past. You do not want any teacher to feel like you play favorites. Conduct Meaningful Evaluations Teacher evaluations are meant to be tools that show a teacher where they are and to move them in a direction to maximize their overall effectiveness. Conducting meaningful evaluations takes a lot of time and time is not something a lot of principals have, therefore many principals neglect making the most out of their teacher evaluations. Providing effective teacher support requires constructive criticism at times. No teacher is perfect. There is always room for improvement in some area. A meaningful evaluation allows you the opportunity to be critical and to offer praise. It is a balance of both. A satisfactory evaluation cannot be given on a single classroom visit. It is a collaboration of information gathered through many visits that provide the most meaningful evaluations. Create a Teacher-Friendly Schedule Principals are typically responsible for creating their building’s daily schedule. This includes class schedules, teacher planning periods, and duties. If you want to make your teachers happy, minimize the time they need to be on duty. Teachers hate duties of any kind whether it is lunch duty, recess duty, bus duty, etc. If you can figure out a way to create a schedule in which they only have to cover a few duties a month, your teachers will love you. Encourage Them to Bring Problems to You Have an open door policy. The relationship between a teacher and principal should be strong enough that they can bring any problem or issue and trust that you are going to try your best to help them out confidentially. Often times you will find that teachers simply need someone to vent their frustrations to, so being a good listener is often all that is necessary. Other times you will have to tell the teacher that you need some time to think about the problem and then get back with them with some take it or leave it advice. Try not to force your opinion on the teacher. Give them options and explain where you are coming from. Tell them what decision you would make and why, but don’t hold it against them if they go with another option. Understand that every situation that is brought to you is unique and how you handle that situation depends on upon the situation itself. Get to Know Them There is a thin line between getting to know your teachers and being their best friends. As their leader, you want to build a trusting relationship without getting so close that it interferes when you have to make a tough decision. You want to build a balanced relationship between personal and professional, but you don’t want to tip it where it is more personal than professional. Take an active interest in their family, hobbies, and other interest. This will let them know that you care about them as individuals and not just as teachers. Offer Advice, Direction, or Assistance All principals should continuously offer their teachers advice, direction, or assistance. This is especially true for beginning teachers, but it is true for teachers throughout all levels of experience. The principal is the instructional leader, and providing advice, direction, or assistance is the primary job of a leader. This can be done through a variety of ways. Sometimes a principal can simply provide a teacher with verbal advice. Other times they may want to show the teacher by having them observe another teacher whose strengths are in an area where that teacher needs assistance. Providing the teacher with books and resources are another way to provide advice, direction, or assistance. Provide Applicable Professional Development All teachers are required to participate in professional development. However, teachers want these professional development opportunities to be applicable to their situation. No teacher wants to sit through eight hours of professional development that doesn’t directly apply to what their teaching or they will never use. This can fall back on the principal as they are often involved in the scheduling of professional development. Choose professional development opportunities that are going to benefit your teachers, not just ones that meet your minimum professional development criteria. Your teachers will appreciate you more, and your school will be better off in the long run because your teachers are learning new things that they can then apply to their daily classroom.

Interpersonal Communication Project Research Paper

Interpersonal Communication Project - Research Paper Example basic concept that I learned from the research is that when a motivated teacher blends â€Å"innovative and traditional strategies† the students become more motivated to learn and incorporate necessary changes in their attitudes (Bernaus, Wilson & Gardner, 2009, p.32). Thus, when the concept of education encompasses character development, aligned with the traditional learning processes, it can nourish in students qualities of â€Å"justice, diligence, compassion, respect, and courage† as well as imbibe in them a drive to live with these values (11 Principles, 2010, p.1). Similarly, I have also learned that as opposed to conventional notions of education giving high levels of intelligence, I believe a stronger foundation on values and ethics should be the ultimate objective of learning. I also understand that once such values are imbibed in students they will become diligent, perseverant and hard working. Besides, it will also facilitate them the traits of â€Å"critica l thinking and positive attitude† (p.2). I also learned that while mugging up parts of lessons may fetch a student higher percentage of marks, one who acquires the ability to critically think will fare better in practical life when assigned a task to execute. I consider the element of interest as the basic component of motivation and thus I strive to design lessons and projects that evoke the interest of students. Similarly, I have come to appreciate the fact that though motivation often determines success, the activity that leads to the attainment comes from one’s character, which facilitates â€Å"natural ability and competence† (Kheruniah, 2013, p.108). Thus, I have learned that building up students’ character will go a long way in making them successful by pursuing their goals more vigorously. My understanding of above concepts will enable me to employ suitable skills to design my teaching plans as well as solving problems. Besides, it signifies the importance of making children adhere to the

The Practical and Legal Dangers of Involuntary Outpatient Commitment Research Paper

The Practical and Legal Dangers of Involuntary Outpatient Commitment for Patients with Mental Illness - Research Paper Example Such threats are practical and legal tough because they may be involuntary. In addition, outpatient commitment can hinder offering voluntary services and discourage people from using mental health care services. When people fear to acquire services from mental health care centers, stigma precedes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop legal ways of handling this issue other than the voluntary therapeutic models (Levkowitch, Weiser, Levy and Neumann, 2001). Objectives This paper aims at analyzing practical and legal dangers associated with involuntary outpatient commitment. This is important because of the dangers and stigma that are associated with individuals diagnosed with mental illness. Therefore, this paper will attempt to scrutinize this in details and identify the practical and legal actions to be done, so that these issues are dealt with completely. Literature review Outpatient commitment refers to employed strategy or mechanism of dealing with or compelling a mentally ill pe rson. This aims at encouraging this people to comply with the psychotropic drugs and the ordered treatment as a strategy of living in the community. In this case it is always important for diagnosed individuals undergo frequent blood and urine test, attend self-help group meetings, as well as enter psychotherapy with specific therapist. At times, condition demands orders are prolonged to enable the target issue to be met. Individuals currently considered to be dangerous, do not qualify to be our patients but rather in-patient. This is important because such people can be dangerous to the community. As a result, it is essential to restrict them so that their handling can be easy. Most of the outpatient supporters claim that this strategy is gentler and kind compared to alternative of inpatient commitment. They claim that this will help to reduce threats that arise from involuntary hospitalization. In this case, the targeted individuals are those who have mental illness. However, outp atient commitment will require an individual with pain of entering police custody to undergo re-hospitalization, comply with decisions for treatment and prove no danger to the community. These are compatible with the law, and at the same time help enhance safety to the community at large. The first law relating with outpatient was enacted during the early 1980s. As a result, over 40 states now have this law in books. About 20 states out of 40 invoke the law most infrequently because of the reluctance of the service providers’ participation and lack of the community-based service (Sinaiko and McGuire, 2008). According to many scholars, the main issue of concern is whether the outpatient commitment will be able to achieve its objectives. Existing claims say that this may not increase public safety enormously. They state that in our society most of the violence results in issues different from mental illness. They claim that only few people are dangerous to others and to themsel ves due to mental illness. In addition, most of them have gone to an extent of committing criminal offences. According to the law, it is important to seek involuntary hospitalization in emergency cases of violence from mentally ill individuals. There exist only few evidences supporting the fact that outpatient commitment will make the public and diagnosed individuals safer. According to the requirements of majority of scholars, it is necessary to incorporate innovative

Investigation to determine the viscosity of glycerol Essay Example for Free

Investigation to determine the viscosity of glycerol Essay This document reports on an experiment that examined the relationship between temperature and viscosity. The terminal velocity and up-thrust experienced by a sphere of fixed weight and radius was calculated by dropping it into a measuring cylinder filled with glycerol heated to different temperatures. Using Stokes Law viscosity corresponding to each temperature level was worked out. This generated a range of data points with viscosity corresponding to each temperature level. These data points were statistically analysed. The results corresponded to those indicated by theory i. e. temperature and viscosity are inversely related; as temperature increased viscosity decreased. This report is in five sections. The first details the plan and the science on which the experiment is based. The second describes implementation while the third analyses the results. The fourth section evaluates the both the experiment and its results. The fifth concludes. 1 Plan 1. 1 The Question Is viscosity affected by temperature? When temperature increases does viscosity decrease or increase and if it does are the changes systematic or random? These are the questions I investigate in this experiment. 1. 2 Key Concepts Archimedes principle A body immersed in a fluid (totally or partially) experiences an upthrust (i. e. an apparent loss of weight) which is equal to the weight of fluid displaced. 1Ships dont sink in water because of upthrust. Upthrust is also the cause for weight loss when a body is partially or wholly immersed in a fluid. Viscosity Viscosity is the virtue by which a fluid offers a resistance to the motion through it of any solid body. 2 The theory of viscosity is almost identical to the theory of friction between two solids, just that viscosity is the term used for fluids. Viscosity is basically the resistance between the particles within a fluid. In a solid molecules are tightly packed i. e. there is a strong intermolecular force. Therefore when you move a solid, it moves as a whole as all the particles move together. In a fluid this is not the case. This is because due to lower intermolecular force the particles move at different velocities in relation to each other. This feature can be understood by discussing what happens when pouring a jug of water into a glass. In liquids the molecules flow in layers. See the right water flowing from a jug, it looks simple, but in reality it is quite complex. Actually only the top layer of water is flowing, the bottom layer is still. This is explained with the help of the diagram on the left. The red line is the upper layer of water in the jug which flows in the glass, when this layer has flown into the glass the maroon layer starts flowing and the finally the black layer. This is because the black layer is closest to the solid (which in this case is the jug); the resistance offered by the solid is greater than the resistance offered by the layers of the liquid. This is because the number of molecules that make contact between the solid and the liquid layer are more than those that make contact between the liquid and liquid layer. The number of molecules that have contact between the liquid layer and air is the least. Hydrogen Bonding Unusually strong dipole-dipole attractions that occur among molecules in which hydrogen is bonded to a highly electronegative atom. 3 Hydrogen bonding is a much stronger variant of Van Der Waals Forces. This strong bonding causes great friction between the layers of liquid and therefore gives glycerol its property of high viscosity. Glycerol has a high viscosity as opposed to other alcohols because, it has three -OH functional groups attached to it. Therefore more hydrogen bonds are formed, thus increasing the attraction between two neighbouring molecules (greater bond strength). Thus unlike alcohols that are volatile, glycerol is not only non-volatile, but is also very thick and viscous. Stokes Law Stokes Law plays an important part in understanding the motion of a solid (in his experiment he used a sphere) through liquids. Stokes law states that when a body is under free fall in a tube containing a liquid of infinite length there is a point when there is no more acceleration in the body and the body reaches terminal velocity. Stoke further went on to say that this was due to the viscous forces acting within the liquid. The layers of the liquid in contact with the solid start moving with the velocity of the solid particle whereas the layers far away from the body remain at rest. The viscous forces being frictional forces act against the acceleration of the body and therefore there is a point when the viscous forces equal the resultant force driving the body. This is when the body reaches its terminal velocity.

Poes The Raven Essay -- Edgar Allen Poe

Raven During a cold, dark evening in December, a man is attempting to find some solace from the remembrance of his lost love, Lenore, by reading volumes of "forgotten lore." As he is nearly overcome by slumber, a knock comes at his door. Having first believed the knock to be only a result of his dreaming, he finally opens the door apologetically, but is greeted only by darkness. A thrill of half-wonder, half-fear overcomes the speaker, and as he peers into the deep darkness, he can only say the word "Lenore." Upon closing the door, another knock is immediately heard from the chamber's window. The narrator throws open the shutter and window, and in steps a large, beautiful raven, which immediately posts itself on the bust of Pallas Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom, above the entrance of the room. Amused by the animal, the speaker asks it its name, to which the bird replies "Nevermore." Believing "Nevermore" to be the raven's name, the narrator's curiosity is piqued, but the speaker beli eves the name to have little relevancy to his question, for he had never before heard of any man or beast called by that name. Although the bird is peaceful, the narrator mutters to himself that it, like all other blessings of his life, will soon leave him. Again the bird replies "Nevermore." Intrigued, the speaker pulls a chair up directly before the bird to more readily direct his attention on the wondrous beast, and to figure out the meaning of the bird's single monotonous reply. While in contemplation in the chair, the speaker's mind turns to Lenore, and how her frame will never again bless the chair in which he now reposes. Suddenly overcome with grief, the persona believes that the raven is a godsend, intended to deliver him from his ang... ... end, and he made sure that no preceding stanza would "surpass this in rhythmical effect. "Poe then worked backwards from this stanza and used the word "Nevermore" in many different ways, so that even with the repetition of this word, it would not prove to be monotonous. Poe builds the tension in this poem up, stanza by stanza, but after the climaxing stanza he tears the whole thing down, and lets the narrator know that there is no meaning in searching for a moral in the raven's "nevermore". The Raven is established as a symbol for the narrator's "Mournful and never-ending remembrance." "And my soul from out that shadow, that lies floating on the floor, shall be lifted - nevermore!" Works Cited Poe, Edgar Allen. "The Raven." McQuade, 1688-91. Poe Edgar Allen. "The Philosophy of Composition." McQuade 1671-79.

Religious Experience Essay

A religious experience is an encounter with God when you experience transcendent reality and it you cannot will it to happen. A direct religious experience refers to events where God reveals him/herself directly to the person having the experience. The experience is not chose or willed by the person; the person experiences or observes God in some way. An indirect religious experience refers to experiences, thoughts or feelings about God that are prompted by events in everyday life. For example observing the stars in the sky and having thoughts about the greatness of God the Creator. Ineffable experiences are beyond human powers and abilities to fully describe and communicate. Religious experiences can be experienced in many forms such as visions, voices, numinous experiences, conversion experiences, or corporate religious experiences. The inductive argument is all based upon experience. Inductive arguments suggest that if an entity is experienced, it means that it must exist. It implies that God is the sort of being that is possible to be experienced and that people can claim to have experienced God directly. One may conclude from this that God exists. Richard Swinburne suggested that there are two different types of religious experience: Public and Private. An ordinary experience comes under public and is an experience where a person interprets a natural event as having a religious significance (for example the beauty of nature). An extraordinary experience appears to violate normal understanding of the workings of nature (e.g. Jesus turning water into wine). There are three types of private experiences which includes experiences such as dreams, non describable experiences where God is revealed. These experiences go beyond human powers of description. The last type includes things like looking at the world from a religious perspective. Swinburne’s principle of credulity maintains that it is a principle of rationality that in the absence of special consideration, if it seems to a person that X is present, then X probably is present because what one seems to perceive is probably so. The principle of testimony maintains that in the absence of special considerations, it is reasonable to believe that the experiences of others are probably as they report them. There is evidence of religious experiences in the Bible, such as Saul’s conversion in Acts 9:1-3. Saul sees a big light which no one else experiences, followed by the Lord speaking to Saul where Saul talks back (other people also hear the lord). Saul then goes blind and the Lord speaks to Ananias in a vision who then restores Saul’s sight. This experience was said to change Saul’s life which makes it the account more accurate because why would he lie? However some may critique that the person who wrote it (Luke) was not present at the time of the event so may not have all the correct details. Furthermore some may say that the experience could have just been an epileptic fit, which would explain the light Saul saw. However there was no evidence that he had an illness could cause side effects like hallucinations, visions or delusions. Saul’s conversion also appears later in the bible in Acts 22 and 26 which may weaken its validity because each account has sl ightly different details. William James was interested in the conversion experiences because he believed that they were the inspiration behind institutions like the church, and believed we would not have the church without them. He believed that religious experiences lead to loss of anxiety, gaining of new knowledge and a changed understanding of the world. One of James’ achievements was to identify four characteristics of religious experiences, which were particularly prominent in mystical religious experiences of God. This includes ineffable which is a direct experience of God, which goes beyond human powers of description. Another characteristic is that they are noetic, which refers to the fact that mystics receive knowledge of God that is not otherwise available. An addition characteristic is transient which means the affects are not permanent but it they are long lasting and can change a person. The final characteristic is passive which means that the person is not in control of it happening but i s something, which happens to the mystic and is from God. James saw this as evidence against arguments claiming that a religious experience can be explained by saying a person willed it. James suggested that the only possible sign that religious experiences are from God is a ‘good disposition’. So he would not ask you to do anything bad. For example, Michael Abrams believed that he heard a voice telling him to kill George Harrison in 2001, when in actual fact he was just mentally ill because he had come off his medication. The voice he heard was not from God because they encouraged him to do bad things. James believed that religious experiences only have authority for the person who experiences it, but they may have great meaning. James did not deny the reality of religious experiences, but he examined the similarities between them and other experiences such as dreams and hallucinations, or subconscious ideas. He suggested that on their own they do not demonstrate Gods existence, they do suggest the existence of ‘something larger’. James makes it rather clear in his book ‘Varieties of Religious Experience’ that religious experience is central to religious belief. However James leaves open the possibility of God’s existence. Furthermore, many psychologists claim that religious experiences only happen to people who already have at least some religious belief. However there are some cases that have no connection to any religious tradition. James argued that religious experiences are explainable psychologically, however J.L. Mackie argued that if this is the case, they have no authority even for the person who experienced it. Immanuel Kant rejected all claims of religious experiences. He thought that because God is not an object in space and time and we only have five senses, which limit us to only sense what is in space and time. This makes it impossible for us to experience God. The example of ‘the blind girl’ can be used to explain Kant’s suggestion. For instance, the blind women in the picture can experience her daughter’s hair because she is touching it, but she cannot experience the rainbow, which is behind her because she has no sight so it is out of her senses. Richard Swinburne suggests two ways, which can be used to asses claims about religious experiences. The first one is the ‘principle of credulity’. This argues that other things being equal, we have good reason to believe what a person tells us is correct. On the whole we normally believe would believe a simple statement telling us that they saw a cat crossing the road, even if we had not witnessed it ourselves. ‘The principle of Credulity [states] that we ought to believe that things are as they seem to be†¦ unless and until we have evidence that they are mistaken’ (Swinburne ‘Is there God’). He suggests reasons why we may not believe evidence, such as there may be evidence that an event was not caused by God. He gives the example of an set of identical twins – you see one twin but later discover it was actually the other twin. Swinburne then goes on to suggest the ‘principle of testimony’, which argues that it is reasonable to believe what someone tells you. For example there would normally be no reason why you would not believe what your good friend says. However if that person is a known joker or liar, this may be a special consideration as this knowledge may undermine any instance to believe what your friend tells you. However, not everyone has religious experiences, which you mean that one could say that this may be a reason to say that experiences are caused by something else. If someone is dying of thirst they may see a hallucination of an oases but this does not mean that it is real. If religious experiences are similar to this, they do not reveal god. Swinburne suggests that it is the already religious people who are more likely to have a religious experience just because they have a better chance of recognising a religious experience by using their beliefs. This means that attention can be drawn towards prior beliefs. Swinburne argues that, taken with other evidence of God’s existence, religious experiences make it likely that God exists. However Anthony Flew gave the example of 10 leaky buckets – they will never be as good as one non-broken one. Flew suggests that a series of weak arguments does not make a strong one. The Vicious Circle Challenge says that religious experience depends on the prior assumptions on those involved. This implies that instead of religious experience being a basis for faith, they are more likely to be generated by existing faith commitments. So therefore they do not underwrite faith. The Conflicting Claims Challenge argues that if one religion relies on their religious experiences to prove their religion then each can religion can claim the same. It implies that each religion is equally true, as David Hume put it that it is ‘a complete triumph for the sceptic’.

Synthesis Paper

For example, Tony Parker is a good person with a good heart wherein he helps those needy people. This comes from his winnings against their past opponents giving support on their charity. The achievement is not only for him but also to those people who need their help. These traits are passing from one person to the other. It could be his son who will continue what he had started. When they grew up, they will know more about the things they haven't done and understand yet. One factor that a person had adapted is also from the environment, the people around who encourage them.Behavior involves responding to or interacting with the environment. The total response mechanism involves systems like the nervous system, glands, muscles and sense organs. The five senses, sense of sight, hear, smell, taste and touch; you will be able to do daily activities. For example, when you are blind you lost your sense of sight. So how could you identify things behind you or what will you do. This lack c an lead you to accidents. Sensation is the process by which our senses gather information and send it to the brain. It is a passive process of bringing information from the outside world into the DOD and to the brain.This works when the sensory organs absorb energy from a physical stimulus in the environment and sensory receptors convert this energy into neural impulses and send them to the brain. A large amount of information is being sensed at any one time such as room temperature, brightness of the lights, someone talking, a distant train, or the smell of perfume. With all this information coming into our senses, the majority of our world never gets recognized. We don't notice radio waves, x-rays, or the microscopic parasites crawling on our skin.We don't sense all the odors round us or taste every individual spice in our gourmet dinner. We only sense those things we are able too since we don't have the sense of smell like a bloodhound or the sense of sight like a hawk; our thres holds are different from these animals and often even from each other. Perception is the active process of selecting, organizing and interpreting the information brought to the brain by the senses. This works when the brain organizes the information and translates it into something meaningful. For example, when he/she is in pain, you comfort him/her.Why did you act like that? This only means that o are worried if something happens because you have a feeling of admiration. Your brain tells you to make him/her happy for him/her to be able to forget about it even for a day, much better for a lifetime. It may seem that learning and memory would be an easy thing to talk about since they're such universal phenomena. But because they're so universal many people often use different words to refer to the same thing and sometimes the same words to refer to different things. That can lead to a wealth of confusion.Learning is a durable change in behavior or knowledge due to experience. This act ually covers a lot of ground. For example, a guy watching a basketball strategy lessons so he can play well to impress girls. At first you don't want to learn more strategy on how to play a basketball but because it has an advantage, you are pursuing to learn. You ask guidance from your friends who knows how to play well or this way which is now commonly used preferably teenagers who were fun of watching videos on Youth. In this way it is easy for them to learn because there are many ways on how to do it.You learn when you really want too, especially when it gives you a pleasing resonantly and others do it for fame. Fame in which from the start they were craving but now they were masters. How will you able to learn when you're too lazy? Laziness is the most commonly reasons wherein they don't have learning specially students. How will you able to get good grades without learning. Types of learning aren't all the same, don't all use the same psychological processes or require the sam e parts of the brain, but they're still learning according to our definition.Memory means by which past experience is drawn on to guide or direct behavior or thoughts in the present. For example, an adult playing basketball and dribbling it like he did when he was a kid 20 years ago. Remembering this times make him remember the good times when he is still young. He could play with his friends at the streets during their free time. Taking a look at the past makes him happy, but there were also experiences which are suppose not to bring out anymore. It might be a painful past or a bad dream you have encountered. It's difficult when you lost your memory where in fact this is one of the most important things.Ever wonder why some people meme to be very successful, highly motivated individuals? Where does the energy, the drive, or the direction come from? Motivation is an area of psychology that has gotten a great deal of attention. You are motivated by your family, friends and of course God. For example, a guy who wants to play basketball. He plays because he was motivated by his friends to gain fame and impress someone whom he admires most. So he practices during his break time. Motivation helps you also gain self confidence facing unknown people around you. You also don't feel that tired and helpless.The reason is cause we all want to be successful, we all want direction and drive, and we all want to be seen as motivated. Consciousness is the awareness of external events, internal sensations, the self, and thoughts about experiences. The conscious state is a state of awareness where the mind knows exactly what it is thinking of. We can be highly conscious, or unconscious. We get drowsy as we wake up in the morning getting more aware of our thoughts and feelings. High-level of awareness in the conscious state involves controlled processing, where attention is most alert and selective, allowing us to focus.Sleeping is essentially important to us because our mental and physical functioning can deteriorate if we go without it for extended period. Our sleep and wakefulness are regulated in accordance with our external events. For example, you play basketball last day with your friends; you are really tired because you like your team to won against you're opponents because they were strong combination also. Because of that, you sleep early but wake up in the morning late. Your body needs rest to gain back the energy you had used the other day.Intelligence has been defined in many different ways such as n terms of one's capacity. It can also be more generally described as the ability to perceive and retain knowledge. For example, for your team to be able to win in a basketball, you and your teammates are supposed to have knowledge on how to do that or to do this especially defends and offensives. Within the discipline of psychology, various approaches to human intelligence have been adopted. The psychometric approach is especially familiar to the general public, as well as being the most researched and by far the most widely used in practical settings

Intelligent Diangosis in Autom essays

Intelligent Diangosis in Autom essays Intelligent Multibrand Diagnosis in Vehicles The challenge: Developing an equipment to perform accurate online diagnosis of all components of the engines of European, Asian, and American cars. The solution: Creating a system based on Labview and Data Acquisition board (DAQ) to acquire and analyze signals from sensors and components of the engine, and validating online the acquired values against a data base containing normal ranges of parameters, following a detailed procedures guide segmented by fault symptoms. An accurate and highly productive diagnosis method. Existing multibrand diagnosis equipments for cars are serially connected to the OBD connector of the ECU of the car, and read a fault code, which indicate that some sensor or component of the engine is not working properly. Having into account the interrelation between sensors and actuators of the engine, the fault code gives only a hint but in many cases the symptom of malfunctioning could be correlated to other sensors, actuators, or cabling. Therefore, this methodology leads to a trial-and-error procedure, which has a low productivity and may suggest the replacement of spares which are working properly. Moreover the technician will have to use additional equipment, such as an oscilloscope, to perform parallel connections within the engine, and analyze complex data. ECUTRONIC has been developed to provide an intelligent solution to these diagnosis problems. The all-in-one equipment consists of a rugged portable PC containing a PCMCIA DAQ 6024e to acquire signals from all sensors and actuators of the engine. A signal adjustment and protection board, and a connection box, both proprietary developments of Ecutronic Technologies, complement the features of the equipment, which is parallel connected to specific sensors and/or actuators. Selection of sensors and actuators to be connected is performed ...

Globalizations Eclipse of the Nation-State

Globalization's Eclipse of the Nation-State Globalization can be defined by five main criteria: internationalization, liberalization, universalization, Westernization, and deterritorialization. Internationalization is where nation states are now considered less important as their power is diminishing. Liberalization is the concept where numerous trade barriers have been removed, creating freedom of movement. Globalization has created a world where everyone wants to be the same, which is known as universalization. Westernization has led to the creation of a global world model from a Western perspective while deterritorialization has led to territories and boundaries being lost. Perspectives on Globalization There are six main perspectives that have arisen over the concept of globalization; these are hyper-globalists who believe globalization is everywhere and skeptics who believe globalization is an exaggeration which is no different from the past. Also, some believe that globalization is a process of gradual change and cosmopolitan writers think the world is becoming global as people are becoming global. There are also people who believe in globalization as imperialism, meaning it is an enrichment process deriving from the Western world and there is a new perspective called de-globalization where some people conclude globalization is beginning to break up. It is believed by many that globalization led to inequalities around the world and has reduced the power of nation states to manage their own economies. Mackinnon and Cumbers state Globalization is one of the key forces reshaping the geography of economic activity, driven by multinational corporations, financial institutions, and international economic organizations. Globalization is seen to cause inequalities due to the polarisation of income, as many laborers are being exploited and working under the minimum wage whilst others are working in high paying jobs. This failure of globalization to stop world poverty is becoming increasingly important. Many argue that transnational corporations have made international poverty worse. There are those who argue that globalisation creates winners and losers, as some countries prosper, mainly European countries and America, whilst other countries fail to do well. For example, the USA and Europe fund their own agricultural industries heavily so less economically developed countries get priced outof certain markets; even though they should theoretically have an economic advantage as their wages are lower. Some believe globalization has no significant consequences for less-developed countries income. Neo-liberalists believe that since the end of Bretton Woods in 1971, globalization has generated more mutual benefits than conflicting interests. However, globalization has also caused many so-called prosperous countries to have huge inequality gaps, for example, the United States and the United Kingdom, because being globally successful comes at a price. Nation States Role Diminishing Globalization led to a significant rise of multinational corporations which many believe undermined the ability of states to manage their own economies. Multinational corporations integrate national economies into global networks; therefore nation states no longer have total control over their economies. Multinational corporations have expanded drastically, the top 500 corporations now control almost one-third of global GNP and 76% of world trade. These multinational corporations, such as Standard Poors, are admired but also feared by nation states for their immense power. Multinational corporations, such as Coca-Cola, wield great global power and authority as they effectively place a claim on the host nation state. Since 1960 new technologies have developed at a rapid rate, compared to the previous fundamental shifts which lasted for two hundred years. These current shifts mean that states can no longer successfully manage the changes caused by globalization. Trade blocs, such as NAFTA, reduce nation states management over their economy. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have a huge impact on a nations economy, therefore weakening its security and independence. Overall, globalization has diminished the nation states ability to manage its economy. Globalization within the neoliberal agenda has provided nation states with a new, minimalist role. It appears that nation states have little choice but to give away their independence to the demands of globalisation, as a cutthroat, competitive environment has now been formed. Whilst many argue that the nation states role in managing its economy is diminishing, some reject this and believe the state still remains the most dominant force in shaping its economy. Nation states implement policies to expose their economies more or less so to the international financial markets, meaning they can control their responses to globalization Therefore, it can be said that strong, efficient nation states help shape globalization. Some believe nation states are pivotal institutions and argue that globalization has not led to a reduction in nation state power but has altered the situation under which the nation state power is executed. Conclusion Overall, the nation states power can be said to be diminishing in order to manage its economy due to the effects of globalisation. However, some could question if the nation state has ever been fully economically independent. The answer to this is hard to determine however this would not appear to be the case, therefore, it could be said that globalization has not lessened the power of nation states but changed the conditions under which their power is executed. The process of globalization, in the form of both the internationalization of capital and the growth of global and regionalized forms of spatial governance, challenge the ability of the nation-state effectively to practise its claim to a sovereign monopoly. This increased the powers of multinational corporations, which challenge the nation states power. Ultimately, most believe nation states power has diminished but it is wrong to state that it no longer has an influence over the impacts of globalisation. Sources Dean, Gary. Globalisation and the Nation-State.Held, David and Anthony McGrew. Globalization. polity.co.uk.Mackinnon, Danny and  Andrew Cumbers. An introduction to Economic Geography. Prentice Hall, London: 2007.

Fundamentals of Financial Management Speech or Presentation

Fundamentals of Financial Management - Speech or Presentation Example tio has decreased in 2010 standing at 1.9:1 and as compared to the last year which was 2.5:1 and the quick ratio which is 0.69:1 in 2010 as compared to 1.09:1 in 2009, but the other ratios shows the company has improved a lot in managing its financial position as well as performance from that of last year. Current Ratio – A current ratio measures the relationship of current assets with current liabilities. This is used to analyze the solvency of a firm. Higher current ratio measures the firm’s higher rate of solvency. Acid-Test Ratio (Quick Ratio) - This ratio is used to analyze the liquidity position of a company. It helps an organization to meet the short term obligation with the liquid assets it has. A firm is evaluated to be in better condition when the quick ratio is higher. Average Age of Receivables – While reviewing a firm’s financial health this is important because it is compared to the credit and collection policy and the industry in which the firm operates. It is countable in terms of days. The analysis shows better result if number of days is higher. Inventory Turnover Ratio – This ratio shows number of times the inventory of a company is being sold and replaced over a certain period of time. Generally a low turnover indicates bad sign for a company. Times Interest Earned – This is a tool that is used to measure an ability of a company to meet its obligations that is related to debt. If any company fails to meet its obligations then it will be in a position of bankruptcy (Ramachandran & Kakani, 2007). Changes can occur in both the ways, positive or negative. The reason behind the lower current ratio and acid test ratio can be similar and that is cash shortage. Basically the poor credit policy and the collection process of the company can be blamed for higher average age of receivables. Again an inventory turnover ratio implies that the company must have a tight control over the purchasing and simultaneously it also refers that due to